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The ''California Zephyr'' is a passenger train operated by Amtrak between Chicago, Illinois, and Emeryville, California, via Illinois, Iowa, Nebraska, Colorado, Utah, Nevada, and California. At it is Amtrak's second longest route. Amtrak claims the route as one of its most scenic, with views of the upper Colorado River valley in the Rocky Mountains, and the Sierra Nevada.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url=http://www.amtrak.com/california-zephyr-train )〕 Before Amtrak, the ''California Zephyr'' (the ''CZ'', or "Silver Lady") was a passenger train operated by the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy (CB&Q), Denver & Rio Grande Western (D&RGW) and Western Pacific railroads, all which dubbed it "the most talked about train in America" on March 19, 1949, with the first departure the following day. It was scheduled to pass through the most spectacular scenery on its route in the daylight. The original train ceased operation in 1970, though the D&RGW continued to operate its own passenger service, the ''Rio Grande Zephyr'', between Salt Lake City and Denver using the original equipment until 1983. Since 1983 the ''California Zephyr'' name has been applied to the Amtrak service, which operates daily and is a hybrid of the route of the original ''Zephyr'' and its former rival, the ''City of San Francisco''. During fiscal year 2012, the ''California Zephyr'' carried more than 376,000 passengers, an increase of 5.9% on 2011. The train had a total revenue of $47,605,728 in 2012, a 6.4% increase on 2011.〔 ==History== The original ''California Zephyr'' operated over the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad from Chicago to Denver, Colorado, the Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad between Denver and Salt Lake City, Utah, and the Western Pacific Railroad from Salt Lake City to Oakland, California. Cars owned by different railroads ran together; cars cycled in and out for service, repairs, and varying passenger loads with the seasons. The first train was named in San Francisco by Eleanor Parker while California Lieutenant Governor Goodwin Knight, mayor of San Francisco Elmer Robinson, and WP President Harry A. Mitchell looked on. For the inaugural run in 1949, every woman on the train was given "silver" and orange orchids flown from Hilo, Hawaii. The car hostesses were known as "Zephyrettes."〔 In summer 1954 the schedule for 2,532 miles Chicago to San Francisco was 50hr 50min. An eastbound ''California Zephyr'' through Ruby Canyon saw the train's first birth on March 1, 1955, when Reed Zars was born. The ''Zephyr'' was not immune to falling passenger travel in the 1960s; moreover, it began to lose money even when sold out. The Western Pacific applied to discontinue its portion in 1966 but the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) refused after public outcry. The D&RGW made the same request in 1969 and in 1970 the ICC permitted Western Pacific to end its portion, provided the D&RGW and Burlington provide "some semblance of ()" between Chicago and Ogden, Utah. The last westbound ''California Zephyr'' to the west coast left Chicago on March 22, 1970 and arrived in Oakland two days later. The ''California Zephyr'' had operated for 21 years and 2 days. East of Salt Lake City the train was reduced to a tri-weekly schedule, operating as ''California Service'' on the Burlington and as the ''Rio Grande Zephyr'' on the Rio Grande. The Rio Grande portion of the train was extended beyond Salt Lake to Ogden, Utah, allowing Nevada and California passengers to connect to the Southern Pacific Railroad's ''City of San Francisco''. This continued until the creation of Amtrak on May 1, 1971.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「California Zephyr」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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